p38 MAPK

Human MAPK14 is a 360 amino acid protein located at position 6p21.3-p21.2 on chromosome 6, with an exon count of 19. It is activated by cell stresses such as DNA damage, heat and osmotic shock, the presence of specific chemicals and pro-inflammatory stimuli such as interleukin-1. The kinase responds to these stimuli by altering cell proliferation, differentiation, transcription regulation and development. It is activated by MKKs or autophosphorylation via phosphorylation of Threonine-180 and Tyrosine-182. MAPK14, dual activated at both sites, has a 10-20 fold activity increase over MAPK14 phosphorylated singularly at Thr-180. If phosphorylation occurs only at Tyr-182 then the protein is inactive. Therefore, Thr-180 is a necessity for catalysis to occur, whereas Tyr-182 has been suggested to be required for substrate recognition and auto-activation. As an integration point for multiple biochemical signals it has been estimated to have a potential 200-300 substrates, such as tumour suppressor p53, transcription regulator MAX and cell cycle regulator CDC25B.

Flat files:

Human - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/NP_001306.1

Crab-eating macaque - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_005553248.1

Norwegian rat - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/NP_112282.2

Common mouse - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/NP_036081.1

Zebrafish - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/NP_571797.1

Western clawed frog - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/NP_001005824.1